{"id":187,"date":"2020-02-24T09:28:41","date_gmt":"2020-02-24T08:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/?page_id=186"},"modified":"2020-02-24T09:28:41","modified_gmt":"2020-02-24T08:28:41","slug":"sibyla-a-emo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/?page_id=187","title":{"rendered":"Sibyla a EMO"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Rastov\u00fd simulator Sibyla <\/strong>&nbsp;(Fabrika 2005) je svojou podstatou stromov\u00fdm, na vz\u00e1jomn\u00fdch vzdialenostiach stromov z\u00e1visl\u00fdm empirick\u00fdm rastov\u00fdm modelom. \u0160tart rastovej progn\u00f3zy z\u00e1vis\u00ed od generovania virtu\u00e1lneho 3D modelu lesn\u00e9ho porastu. Rastov\u00e9 projekcie s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na stochastickej simul\u00e1cii pr\u00edrastku hr\u00fabky a v\u00fd\u0161ky ka\u017ed\u00e9ho stromu ur\u010denom cez jeho vitalitu a kompeti\u010dn\u00fd stav s \u010dasov\u00fdm rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00edm 1 rok. N\u00e1sledne sa uprav\u00ed hr\u00fabka a v\u00fd\u0161ka stromu a modeluj\u00fa sa ostatn\u00e9 parametre stromu (napr. rozmery koruny). Model vyu\u017e\u00edva ekologicky zalo\u017een\u00e9 hodnotenie kvality stanovi\u0161\u0165a a je citliv\u00fd k s\u00faboru environment\u00e1lnych premenn\u00fdch:&nbsp; koncentr\u00e1cia CO<sub>2<\/sub> and NO<sub>x<\/sub> vo vzduchu, relat\u00edvny obsah \u017eiv\u00edn v p\u00f4de, mno\u017estvo zr\u00e1\u017eok vo vegeta\u010dnom obdob\u00ed, priemern\u00e1 teplota vo vegeta\u010dnom obdob\u00ed, d\u013a\u017eka vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia, \u00fahrn zr\u00e1\u017eok vo vegeta\u010dnom obdob\u00ed a relat\u00edvna vlhkos\u0165 p\u00f4dy vo vegeta\u010dnom obdob\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parametre Korfovej rastovej funkcie sa <strong>odvodzuj\u00fa na z\u00e1klade ekologick\u00e9ho ohodnotenia kvality stanovi\u0161\u0165a<\/strong> a jeho cilivosti na viacer\u00e9 environment\u00e1lne premenn\u00e9: koncentr\u00e1cia CO2 and NOx vo vzduchu, vlhkos\u0165 p\u00f4dy, obsah \u017eiv\u00edn v p\u00f4de, priemern\u00e1 teplota vzduchu po\u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia, \u00fahrn zr\u00e1\u017eok po\u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia, d\u013a\u017eka vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia. Kompeti\u010dn\u00fd tlak je vyjadren\u00fd indexom KKL (korunov\u00fd sveteln\u00fd kompeti\u010dn\u00fd index) a vitalita stromu sa odvodzuje od ve\u013ekosti povrchu koruny. Parametre koruny stromu (\u0161\u00edrka, v\u00fd\u0161ka korunovej b\u00e1zy, tvar a povrch)&nbsp; sa odvodzuj\u00fa z v\u00fd\u0161ok a hr\u00fabok stromov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rast stromov v poraste ovplyv\u0148uje aj prirodzen\u00e1\nmortalita stromov. Jej intenzita z\u00e1vis\u00ed na rozdieloch medzi aktu\u00e1lnou a\nmaxim\u00e1lnou kruhovou z\u00e1klad\u0148ou porastu. Maxim\u00e1lna kruhov\u00e1 z\u00e1klad\u0148a je funciou\nmaxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky porastu. V\u00fdber uhynut\u00fdch stromov sa rie\u0161i logistickou\nregresiou. Mo\u017en\u00e9 je tie\u017e aplikova\u0165 n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 \u0165a\u017eby (sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 po\u0161koden\u00edm vetrom,\nsnehom, \u013eadom, podk\u00f4rnym hmyzom, hubami, zne\u010dieten\u00edm vzduchu, suchom a\nileg\u00e1lnou \u0165a\u017ebou). Produkciu porastu ovplyv\u0148uje sp\u00f4sob jeho v\u00fdchovy \u2013\nprebierky. K dispoz\u00edcii je aplik\u00e1cia viacer\u00fdch typov prebierok: pod\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e1,\nnad\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e1, neutr\u00e1lna, cie\u013eov\u00fdch stromov, cie\u013eov\u00fdch priemerov stromov, cie\u013eov\u00fdch\nfrekven\u010dn\u00fdch kriviek ako aj holorubnej \u0165a\u017ebovej met\u00f3dy <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Model zah\u0155\u0148a stochastick\u00e9 komponenty<\/strong>: generovan\u00e9 rezidu\u00e1 pr\u00edrastkov priemeru a v\u00fd\u0161ky stromov, mortality stromov a ileg\u00e1lnej \u0165a\u017eby (pokia\u013e sa aplikuje). Aj generovanie poz\u00edcii stromov je stochastick\u00e9. Model umo\u017e\u0148uje stochasticky opakova\u0165 generovanie \u0161trukt\u00fary a progn\u00f3z \u010d\u00edm sa vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa rozdielne v\u00fdsledky. N\u00e1sledne je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 priemern\u00e9 hodnoty a variabilitu odch\u00fdlok spolu so \u0161tatistick\u00fdm testovan\u00edm rozdielov medzi scen\u00e1rmi a variantmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/sibyla-1024x439.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-160\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Aktu\u00e1lne prebieha v\u00fdvoj novej programovej verzie, dop\u013a\u0148anie funk\u010dnosti optimaliz\u00e1cia pre 64 bitov\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. \u010eal\u0161ie podrobnosti m\u00f4\u017ee z\u00e1ujemca n\u00e1js\u0165 na <a href=\"http:\/\/sibyla.tuzvo.sk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"web str\u00e1nka sibyla triquetra (opens in a new tab)\">web str\u00e1nka sibyla triquetra<\/a> .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(<em>Unifik\u00e1cii modelovac\u00edch a simula\u010dn\u00fdch prostred\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v jednotliv\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch sa v projekte Alterfor venuje ve\u013ek\u00e1 pozornos\u0165 a patr\u00ed k najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdsledkom jeho rie\u0161enia. Je podmienen\u00e1 najm\u00e4 potrebou zabezpe\u010di\u0165 primeran\u00fa \/ potrebn\u00fa porovnate\u013enos\u0165 v\u00fdsledkov ich aplik\u00e1cie v podmienkach jednotliv\u00fdch experiment\u00e1lnych \u00fazem\u00ed a n\u00e1sledne potrebu synt\u00e9zy tak\u00fdchto \u010diastkov\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov na Eur\u00f3pskej \u00farovni. Komplexne je t\u00e1to problematika rozobrat\u00e1 v publik\u00e1cii <\/em> <em>Nordstr\u00f6m, E., Nieuwenhuis, M., Ba\u015fkent, E.Z. et al. Forest decision support systems for the analysis of ecosystem services provisioning at the landscape scale under global climate and market change scenarios. Eur J Forest Res 138, 561\u2013581 (2019),<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10342-019-01189-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"publik\u00e1cia v eujfr. (opens in a new tab)\">publik\u00e1cia v eujfr.<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aj ke\u010f problematika modelovania v\u00fdvoja rastu stromov a porastov predstavuje samo osebe zlo\u017eit\u00fa a komplexn\u00fa problematiku,  v kontexte zamerania projektu  potrebujeme z v\u00fdstupov modelovania a \/ alebo simul\u00e1cie z\u00edska\u0165, odvodi\u0165 a pou\u017ei\u0165 parametre (indik\u00e1tory) vhodn\u00e9 na <strong>kvantifik\u00e1ciu poskytovania jednotliv\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb lesn\u00fdm porastom. <\/strong>Predpoklad\u00e1me pritom, \u017ee pri r\u00f4znych alternat\u00edvach  mana\u017ementu sa bud\u00fa tieto \u00farovne meni\u0165. Potrebujeme preto systematicky meni\u0165 podmienky a pr\u00edstupy k hospod\u00e1reniu v rozp\u00e4tiach ktor\u00e9 dovo\u013euj\u00fa lok\u00e1lne podmienky a tak generova\u0165 v\u0161etky pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 alternat\u00edvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Namiesto jednej trajekt\u00f3rie bud\u00faceho v\u00fdvoja individu\u00e1lneho lesn\u00e9ho porastu tak m\u00f4\u017eeme uva\u017eova\u0165 s viacer\u00fdmi \/ mnoh\u00fdmi, ktor\u00e9 sa navz\u00e1jom l\u00ed\u0161ia nielen mana\u017ementov\u00fdmi pr\u00edstupmi (pou\u017eit\u00fdm modelom hospod\u00e1renia na \u00farovni porastu) ale aj \u00farov\u0148ami poskytovania ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb. Zmyslom optimaliz\u00e1cie je vybra\u0165 pre zalesnen\u00e9 \u00fazemie (mno\u017einu lesn\u00fdch porastov) tak\u00fa kombin\u00e1ciu mana\u017ementov\u00fdch postupov aby sa pre zalesnen\u00e9 \u00fazemie ako celok dosiahol vopred stanoven\u00fd cie\u013e. Na tento \u00fa\u010del v projekte pou\u017e\u00edvame met\u00f3du evolu\u010dnej multikriteri\u00e1lnej optimaliz\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00edde \u010fal\u0161\u00ed text<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/emo-1024x280.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-162\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rastov\u00fd simulator Sibyla &nbsp;(Fabrika 2005) je svojou podstatou stromov\u00fdm, na vz\u00e1jomn\u00fdch vzdialenostiach stromov z\u00e1visl\u00fdm empirick\u00fdm rastov\u00fdm modelom. \u0160tart rastovej progn\u00f3zy z\u00e1vis\u00ed od generovania virtu\u00e1lneho 3D modelu lesn\u00e9ho porastu. Rastov\u00e9 projekcie s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na stochastickej simul\u00e1cii pr\u00edrastku hr\u00fabky a v\u00fd\u0161ky ka\u017ed\u00e9ho stromu ur\u010denom cez jeho vitalitu a kompeti\u010dn\u00fd stav s \u010dasov\u00fdm rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00edm 1 rok. N\u00e1sledne sa [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-187","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=187"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/187\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gis.tuzvo.sk\/alterfor-sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}